Антономазия (Antonomasia) – стилистический приём обозначения присущих или приписываемых свойств в замене нарицания именем исторического лица, литературного персонажа и т.п. или другим нарицательным существительным. Она основана на взаимодействии логического и назывного значений слова, выделяя главную черту лица/явления. Антономазия типична для беллетристики и публицистики.
Антомазийное взаимодействие
– нарицательное становится именем
Говорящие имена заимствуются из логического значения. Мы выделяем свойства лишь данного предмета.
Mr. Zero – господин Ноль
Dick Dubious – Дик Неверующий
Sir Silvercup – сэр Серебряная Чашка
– имя становится нарицательным
Именное нарицательное может писаться с заглавной.
the
the Byron of our days – Байрон наших дней
He is a Daniel come to judgment – Он мудрый человек
He desired to have Kings meet him at railway stations on his return from some Nowhere – Он желал, чтобы на железнодорожных станциях его встречали Цезари по его возвращении из какой-нибудь Тьмутаракани
English Joke
A woman was thinking about finding a pet to keep her company at home. She decided she would like to find a beautiful parrot; it wouldn’t be as much work as say, a dog, and it would be fun to hear it speak. She went to a pet shop and immediately spotted a large beautiful parrot. She went to the owner of the store and asked how much. The owner said it was 50 bucks. Delighted that such a rare looking and beautiful bird wasn’t more expensive, she agreed to buy it.
The owner looked at her and said, “Listen, I should tell you first that this bird used to live in a whorehouse. Sometimes it says pretty vulgar stuff.” The woman thought about this, but decided she had to have the bird. She said she would buy it anyway. The pet-shop owner sold her the bird and she took it home. She hung the bird’s cage up in her living room and waited for it to say something.
The bird looked around the room, then at her, and said, “New house, new madam.” The woman was a bit shocked at the implication, but then thought, “That’s not so bad.”
A couple hours later, the woman’s two teenage daughters returned from school. When they inspected the bird, it looked at them and said, “New house, new madam, new whores.” The girls and the woman were a bit offended at first, but then began to laugh about the situation.
A couple of hours later, the woman’s husband came home from work. The bird looked at him and said, “New house, new madam, new whores; same old faces. Hi George!”