Образование
Настоящее совершённо-длительное время образуется полегче совершённого – служебными глаголами (личной формой глагола to have (have, has), 3-ей формой глагола to be (been)) и смысловым глаголом (настоящим причастием с окончанием -ing).
подлежащее + have/has + been + -ing
Разберём написание преднастояще-длительного на примере глагола делать. Как видно, has ставится только в 3-ем лице единственного числа (после he, she, it). Вместо do в преднастояще-длительном можно использовать почти любой глагол.
I have been doing | We have been doing |
You have been doing | |
He has been doing |
They have been doing |
She has been doing | |
It has been doing |
I have been going | We have been coming |
You have been working | |
He has been living |
They have been teaching |
She has been learning | |
It has been eating |
Употребление
Преднастояще-длительное обозначает результативные процессы – начавшуюся в прошлом и протекающую к настоящему деятельность независимо от временных указаний. Такие процессы обычно продолжаются и в будущем.
I’ve been teaching English for 20 years – Я преподаю английский уже 20 лет
He’s been working for that company since last year – Он работает в той компании с прошлого года
She’s been learning English since January – Он учит английский с января
We’ve been going online to find a new car – Мы давно подбираем новое авто в Интернете
You’ve been coming to this website to learn English – Вы посещаете этот сайт для изучения английского
They’ve been eating a lot of healthy food lately – Последнее время они едят много здоровой пищи
English Joke
A mouse chanced on a pool of whiskey that was the result of a raid by prohibition-enforcement agents. The mouse had had no previous acquaintance with liquor, but now, being thirsty, it took a sip of the strange fluid, and then retired into its hole to think. After some thought, it returned to the pool, and took a second sip of the whiskey. It then withdrew again to its hole, and thought. Presently, it issued and drew near the pool for the third time. Now, it took a big drink. Nor did it retreat to its hole. Instead, it climbed on a soap box, stood on its hind legs, bristled its whiskers, and squeaked:
“Now, bring on your cat!”