Прибавление
and, both … and, too, besides (this/that), moreover, what is more, in addition (to), also, as well as (this/that), furthermore
She is both intelligent and beautiful
Она одновременно умна и красива
Отрицание
neither … nor, nor, neither, either
Neither John nor David goes to university
Ни Джон ни Дэвид не ходят в университет
Сравнение
but, although, in spite of, despite, while, whereas, even though, on the other hand, however, yet, still
Sarah is kind but not very reliable
Сара добра, но не очень надёжна
Примеры
such as, like, for example, for instance, especially, in particular
All the food was delicious, but the steak in particular was excellent
Вся еда была восхитительна, а жареное мясо особенно
Причина
as, because (of), since, for this reason, due to, so, as a result (of)
I stayed in bed because I felt ill
Я лежал в постели, будучи болен
Результат
such/so … that, so, consequently, as a result, therefore, for this reason
It was so cold that we decided to light a fire
Было так холодно, что мы решили зажечь костёр
Условие
if, whether, only if, in case (of), provided/providing (that), unless, as/so long as, otherwise, or (else), on condition (that)
We took an umbrella with us in case it rained
Мы взяли зонт на случай дождя
Цель
to, so that, so as (not) to, in order (not) to, in order that, in case
I took some paper and a pen so that I could make notes
Я взял бумаги с ручкой, чтобы писать заметки
Время
when, whenever, as, as soon as, while, before, till/until, after, since
We didn’t live till the babysitter arrived
Мы не ушли до прихода сиделки
Место
where, wherever
We can’t decide where to go on holiday this year
Мы не можем решить куда поехать отдыхать в этом году
Исключение
except (for), apart from
The party was good fun, apart from the problem with the stereo
Вечеринка удалась, кроме сломанного проигрывателя
Отношение
who(m), whose, which, what, that
That’s the horse which won the Grand National
Это лошадь, выигравшая Великие национальные скачки
Перечисление
initially, (at) first, firstly, to start/begin with, first of all
First of all, we greeted the guests
Прежде всего, мы поприветствовали гостей
secondly, after this/that, second, afterwards, then, next
Then we offered them drinks
Затем мы предложили им напитки
finally, lastly, in the end, at last, eventually
Finally, we served them the meal
В конце мы подали им блюдо
Подытоживание
in conclusion, in summary, to sum up, on the whole, all in all, altogether, in short
To sum up, I firmly believe that animals have the right to a happy life
В конце концов, я убеждён, что животные имеют право на счастливую жизнь
English Joke
A member of the faculty in a London medical college was appointed an honorary physician to the king. He proudly wrote a notice, on the blackboard in his class-room:
“Professor Jennings informs his students that he has been appointed honorary physician to His Majesty, King George.”
When he returned to the class-room in the afternoon he found written below his notice this line:
“God save the King.”